Frontmatter -- Contents -- Preface -- List of Contributors -- Part I: Human Dimensions -- 1. The Multiple Facets of Agricultural Landscapes / Verdade, Luciano M. / Gheler-Costa, Carla / Lyra-Jorge, Maria Carolina -- 2. The Role of Family Farms in Environmental Conservation in Agricultural Landscapes / Comin, Fábio Henrique / Gheler-Costa, Carla -- 3. Agribusiness and Socioeconomic Drivers of Land Cover Change in Brazil / Toshiro Igari, Alexandre / Reverberi Tambosi, Leandro -- 4. Dealing with Fragmentation and Road Effects in Highly Degraded and Heterogeneous Landscapes / Ribeiro, Milton Cezar / Muylaert, Renata de Lara / Dodonov, Pavel / Ciocheti, Giordano / Magioli, Marcelo / Martello, Felipe / Rocha, Alessandro / Defane Borges, Bruno / Carvalho, Carolina / Zukeran Kanda, Claudia / Rodriguez-Castro, Karen G. -- Part II: Biodiversity Dimensions -- 5. Exploring Diversity of Soil Microorganisms: A Multidimensional Approach / Goss-Souza, Dennis / Borges, Clovis Daniel / Mendes, Lucas William / Aparecido Navarrete, Acacio / Baretta, Dilmar / Siu Mui, Tsai -- 6. The Value of Agricultural Landscape for Tropical Trees / Athayde, Eduardo A. / Cancian, Leonardo F. / Morellato, Leonor Patricia C. -- 7. Changes in Species and Genetic Diversity of Crops in Agricultural Systems, with an Emphasis on the State of São Paulo / Conde Xavier Oliveira, Giancarlo -- 8. Biodiversity Conservation of Forests and their Ecological Restoration in Highly-modified Landscapes / Vidal, Cristina Yuri / Mangueira, Julia Raquel / Turini Farah, Fabiano / Rother, Débora Cristina / Ribeiro Rodrigues, Ricardo -- 9. Freshwater Turtles in Natural, Rural and Urban Ecosystems in São Paulo State, Southeastern Brazil / Barros Molina, Flavio de / Oliveira Ferronato, Bruno de / Souza, Franco Leandro de -- 10. Fish Parasites and their Use as Environmental Research Indicators / Azevedo, Rodney Kozlowiski de / Doro Abdallah, Vanessa -- 11. Capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) in Anthropogenic Environments: Challenges and Conflicts / Abreu Bovo, Alex Augusto de / Ferraz, Katia Maria P. M. B. / Verdade, Luciano M. / Moreira, José Roberto -- 12. The Influence of Agricultural and Forest Landscapes on the Diversity of Lepidoptera / Silva-Brandão, Karina L. / Bandini Ribeiro, Danilo / Monteiro de Brito, Mariana / Arab Olavarrieta, Alberto José / Freitas, André V. L. -- 13. Stream Fish Diversity in an Agricultural Landscape of Southeastern Brazil / Gerhard, Pedro / Verdade, Luciano M. -- Part III: Case Studies -- 14. Patterns of Leaf-litter Amphibian Diversity in a Silvicultural Landscape of Southeastern Brazil / Lopes, Paula C. / Marques, Thiago S. / Martin, Paula S. / Gheler- Costa, Carla / Verdade, Luciano M. -- 15. Bird Diversity in Relation to Land Use in Agricultural Landscapes of Southeastern Brazil / Penteado, Marli / Yamashita, Carlos / Marques, Thiago S. / Verdade, Luciano M. -- 16. Howler Monkeys in an Urban Brazilian Forest: Ecology and Daily Feeding Patterns / Lunardelli, Maria Cecília / Lyra-Jorge, Maria Carolina / Gheler-Costa, Carla -- 17. Wildlife and Landscape Geometry in Silvicultural Landscapes / Timo, Thiago P. de C. e / Costa, Júlio César / Gheler-Costa, Carla / Lyra-Jorge, Maria Carolina / Urbano, Mariana R. / Verdade, Luciano M. -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Index

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The state of São Paulo, Brazil, is one of the most densely populated and developed areas in South America. Such development is evident both in terms of industrialization and urbanization, as well as in agriculture, which is heavily based on sugar cane, Eucalyptus plantations and livestock. This intense land use has resulted in great alteration of the original land cover and fragmentation of natural ecosystems. For these reasons, it is almost a paradox that jaguar, a species that requires large areas of pristine forest to exist, is still found in some parts of the state of São Paulo. It is possible that wild animals could leave in coexistence with intense land use, or is it the case that such rare encounters with large wild animals in São Paulo will disappear in the near future?All ecologists are aware of the problems of habitat changes caused by humans, but it was not until recent years that researchers started to consider that the land used for production could also serve as an important habitat for many different kinds of wild species. This book is about this new approach to conservation. It also highlights the important role that sciences could and should have in this discussion in order to better understand the problems and propose possible solutions.

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